Which is the Highest Civilian Award in India
The Bharat Ratna is the highest civilian award in India, recognizing exceptional service in various fields, including arts, literature, science, public service, and sports. Established in 1954, it is conferred by the President of India on individuals who have made outstanding contributions to the nation.
History and Significance of Bharat Ratna
Introduced in 1954 by the Government of India, It is awarded for contributions in arts, literature, science, and public service.In 2011, the criteria were expanded to include sports personalities.
It is a purely honorary award, and recipients do not receive any monetary benefits.
Design and Symbolism of Bharat Ratna Medal
1 The medal is a peepal leaf-shaped bronze medallion.
2 It features an embossed sun and the words “Bharat Ratna” in Devanagari script.
3 The reverse side carries the State Emblem of India and the national motto, “Satyameva Jayate.”
4 Unlike other Padma awards, it does not carry a financial grant or any formal title.
Eligibility for Bharat Ratna Award
The award is open to all Indian citizens, irrespective of caste, profession, or background.It can also be awarded posthumously (after death). Foreign nationals who have significantly contributed to India can also receive it.
Notable Bharat Ratna Awardees
Since its inception, only 48 individuals have received the Bharat Ratna (as of 2024). Some of the most notable awardees include:
Political Leaders & Freedom Fighters
1 Dr. B. R. Ambedkar (1990) – Architect of the Indian Constitution.
2 Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel (1991, posthumous) – India’s first Deputy Prime Minister.
3 Atal Bihari Vajpayee (2015) – Former Prime Minister of India.
4 Pranab Mukherjee (2019) – Former President of India.
Scientists
1 C. V. Raman (1954) – Nobel Prize-winning physicist.
2 Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam (1997) – Former President and scientist.
Artists & Musicians
Lata Mangeshkar (2001) – Legendary playback singer.
Bhupen Hazarika (2019) – Assamese singer and musician.
Sports Personalities
1 Sachin Tendulkar (2014) – First sportsperson to receive the Bharat Ratna. Major contribution to cricket.
Bharat Ratna Selection Process
1 Recommendations are made by the Prime Minister to the President of India.
2 Maximum of three awards can be given in a year.
3 Announced through a government notification and presented in a ceremonial function at Rashtrapati Bhavan.
Conclusion
The Bharat Ratna Award represents the highest level of recognition in India for unparalleled contributions to the country. With only a few selected recipients, it remains one of the most prestigious honors, inspiring generations to strive for excellence in their respective fields.